Car-heater



(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet- 1. J. M. THAYER.

CAR HEATER.

PatentedApr. 19, 1887,

(No Moda.) i 2 sneet-sneet 2.

J. M. THAYER.

CAR HEATER. N0. 861,469.. PtentedApr. 19, 1887.

UNITED STATES PATENT rricn.

CAR-HEATER.

SPECIFICATIN form'ing part of Letters Patent No. 361,469, dated April 19, 1887.

Application filed March 1, 1886. Serial No. 193.570. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, JAMEs M. THAYER, of Randolph, county of N orfolk,and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Car-Heaters, of which the following description, in connection with the acompanyingv drawings, is aspecification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention has for its object to construct a simple and efficient car-heater, especially adapted for heating horse-cars.

In accordance with this invention a heater of peculiarconstruction is employed, the boiler of which is connected by circnlation pipes with two or more reservoirs or tanks, the latter also' being connected together by pipes, so as'to insure a continuous circulation.

Figure 1 shows in Vertical section a heater embodying this inven'tion; Fig. 2, a cross section of the heater, taken on the dotted line x ar,- Fig. 3, a top .view of the heater; Figs. 4 and 5, plan and side views of the heater, tanks or reservoirs, and the circulation-pipes.

The .reservoir or tank A, of snfficient size and dimensions to contain an abundant supply of oil, is 'provided in this instance with four burners, (shown as ordinary wick-tubes,a,) having toothed Wheels rotated by thumb-nuts a', for moving the Wiek, and also having the slotted crown az. A suitable gauze plate, (L3, surrounds the burners to permit an inlet of air. The reservoir or tank A is supplied with several dvision-Walls, A', open at their lower ends to permit the oil contained within the tank to seek the same level, the said division- Walls serving to preve'nt splashing of the oil as the car is jolted along the track.

The supply-pipe A2, provided with the cap A3, is attached to one side of the reservoir A, that the same may be fed when necessary, and a suitable float, 50, rests upon the surface of the oil contained within the reservoir A, its stem 52 passing upward and out of a tube, 58, of any desired length, to thus indicate the supply of oil contained within the reservoir A.

Elongated combustion-chambers b are provided-one for each burner-and suitable outlet passages or tubes,b' b2,lead from the top portion of the said combustion-chambers b and enter the hot-air chamber o, each combustionchamber in this instance being provided with two such 'outlet passages or tubes extending from opposite sides 'thereof; yet it is obvious that the said outlettubes may be variously arranged-as, for instance, one tube connccting all the combustion-chainbers and leading into the hot-air chamber may be employed and the same result obtained, theonly necessity being to supply the combustion chatnbers with outlets` which shall enter the hot-air chamber c.

The combustion-chambers b are all located within the boiler cl, containing water,vthe outlet tubes b' b2 of the said combustion-chambers passing through the walls of the said boiler, which latter is preferably of a dome shape. to maintain a perfect circnlation of the water and reduce the friction.

The interior top portion of the boiler d is composed of two oppositely-curved-walls or su rfaces, 12 12, the meeting edges of such Curved surfaces fortning one of the diameters ofthevtop portion of the boiler, while the opposite edges terminate at'the circumference thereof, thus forming a distinct dome'shaped compartment for each Outlet-pipe d' (12.

The hot-air chamber c, into which the outlet-tubes of the combustion-chamber lead, th us ,forms ajacket for the boiler d, both the boiler and hot-air chamber preferably being circular in cross section.

The fiue c' (see dotted line, Fig. 1, and full lines, Figs. 2 and 3) leads from the top portion of the hot-air chamber c, opposite the means employed for moving the wicks, to thereby maintain afree circulation of air within the said chamber, the said fiue thence passing upward and out of, the car.

The heater is herein shown as located at an intermediate point along one side of the car; but it is obvious that the same may be located at any other convenient place either within or below the car.

The boiler d is provided at or near its top portion with outlet pipes or passages d' di, which enter the top portions of the tanks or reservoirs e e', of rectangnlar or other shape, and located on either side of the heater, while return-pipes (13 d* lead from the bottom of said tanks and enter the boiler d at its lower end.

The pipef also leads from the top portion of roo the boiler d, extending transversely across the car and connected by a T-connection with the pipe which enters the top portions of two tanks or reservoirs, g g', of a construction similar to the tanks e c', and located upon the opposite side of the car. The return-pipe j, parallel with thepipef', but entering the boiler at its lower end, is connected by a T-connection with the pipe entering the said tanks q g' at their lower ends.

At the extreme lower ends of the tanks e g suitable elbow-pipes,hh', join an upright pipe, hi, which latter enters the small reservoir ha, located at the top of the car, and from the top portions of each of the tanks e e' g g', adjacent to the heater, upright pipesz' i' iz ia lead, all of which latter arejoined to the main pipe m by suitable connecting-pipes, m'm'm3 m4, the said main pipe m also entering the small reservoir If. The small reservoir lv* is provided with an opening, 10, through which the said rcservoir is supplied with water, to thus serve as a supply-reservoir or fountain-hrad for the entire apparatus. The supply-reservoir If is kept bnt partially filled, to permit the water to expand. An outlet or vent, n n', leads from the union of the pipes m' m2 m3 m* opposite to the main pipe m, and terminates beneath the car.

The unionsemployed in connecting the pipes are of any suitable design well known to steamfitters. p

The heating medium employed being'V hot water, a continuous circulation is kept up within the tanks e e'g g, by the Outlet and return pipes from the boiler d,- or should the temperature of the water rise sufiiciently, the pipes z' i' i their connecting` pipes m' 'm2 m m4, the main pipe m, reservoir hl, and the pipes h'Z h' h serve to niaintain a free circulation and therehy prevent explosion, the pipe n being employed in excessive temperatures.

It will be seen that by the construction of the heater and by the arrangement of tanks and pipes as herein described the heat is thoroughly and evenly distributed throughout the car, and the expense attending the use of the apparatus will be very small.

The apparatus herein described is applicable to many other well-known purposes besides heating horse-cars.

If desired, any suitable number of combustion-chambers may be employed, one for each burner, or one combustion-chamber may be constructed to contain two or more burners, without, departing from this invention.

If desired, the tanks or reservoirs, which serve as radiators, may be heated with steam instead of water; but as such construction would add to the expense of the heater, it may not be deemed expedient.

I claim-- 1. A heater composed of an oil-reservor, one or more burners attached to the same, a boiler within which said burners are inclosed, and a hot-air Chamber surrounding the boiler and in communication with the burners, combined with two or more tanks or reservoirs connected with the boiler by inlet and return pipes and a supply-tank, substantially as described.

2. The boiler d, having the two oppositelycurved walls 12 and 12, the meeting edges of which are diametrical with respect to the boiler and extend thenc'e in two arches to the circumference to make two chambers, combined with the Outlet-pipes for said chambers, and a heating apparatns arranged Within said boiler, substantially as described.

3. In a heater, the boiler d, its outlet and return pipes, and two or more tanks or reservoirs into which the said Outlet and'return pipes from the boiler lead, combined with the supply-tank h, and pipes for connecting the same with the tanks or reservoirs, whercby a continuous circulation is maintained at high temperature, substantially as described.

` In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscrilbing Witnesses.

JAMES M. THAYER.

Witnesses:

BERNICE J. NOYEs, F. CUTTER. 

